Development of new device for measuring thermal stresses

In recent years, numerous analytical and experimental researches have been performed on the prediction of thermal stresses in mass concrete structures. However, due to the difficulty of the problem, limitations still exist for both analytical and experimental methods of measuring thermal stresses in mass concrete. In this research, a new experimental device measuring thermal stresses directly in a laboratory setting is developed. The equipment is located in a temperature chamber that follows the temperature history, which has been previously obtained from temperature distribution analyses. Thermal forces are measured continuously by two load cells in the device. The results show that the thermal stresses estimated by the newly developed device agree well with general stress variations in actual structures.     

对废塑料配煤炼焦产品产率的研究

通过在炼焦煤中添加不同种类、不同比例的废塑料，研究了所得焦炭的性质和焦化产品产率的变化。实验结果表明，焦油和焦炭的产率随着废塑料添加比例的增加而增大，粗苯和氨等产率变化不明显。     

大跨度钢结构的抗连续性倒塌设计

为了实现大跨度钢结构的抗连续性倒塌设计目标,从结构体系布置的角度出发,对不同形式的大跨度钢结构,提出抗连续性倒塌设计的实用方法与措施：即对连续多榀平面桁架等平面结构体系,增设横向联系梁;对环向布置的结构体系,增设环形联系梁;对弦支预应力结构,拆分传力路径。关于抗连续性倒塌分析方法,根据不同的体系特点,说明了静力线性法、...     

基于PowerBuilder的S-P表差异系数计算与算法实现

S-P表评价法是计算机教育测量中一种重要的方法,差异系数是S-P表分析评价中反映S线和P线之间不一致程度的重要指标,通过计算差异系数,可以取得关于被测对象整体情况有价值的信息,为教学效果的改善提供依据。本文基于PowerBuilder软件提出实现算法,并给出流程图和主要源代码。     

缺资料地区农村面源污染评估方法研究

为了解决缺资料地区的农村面源污染难以定量模拟和综合评估的问题,本文将输出系数法（the Export Coefficient Model）和源强系数法（Source Strength Coefficient Method）进行联合,建立了一套简单、实用的农村面源（非点源）污染评估方法。结合文献和研究区——濑溪河流域（泸县境内部分）的调查数据提出相应的模型系数,进行研究区的农村面源污染评估,得到研究区主要污染类型、主要污染物、主要污染源、重点治理乡镇以及各镇主要污染源,同时,根据以该评估结果依据提出水污染治理对策建议。结果表明,所提出的方法适用于缺资料地区的农村面源污染评估。     

Investigation of Ozone Loss Rate Influenced by the Surface Material of a Discharge Chamber

Decay characteristics of ozone concentration in oxygen in a chamber with three types of wall material (stainless steel, copper, and aluminum) are measured using the 254 nm photoabsorption method. Effective lifetimes of ozone are estimated from decay curves of ozone concentration. These values depend on the wall material: They are largest for stainless steel and smallest for aluminum. The relationship between effective lifetime and gas pressure is investigated precisely to determine three values. The equivalent diffusion coefficient of ozone in oxygen and the reflection coefficient of ozone at the wall correspond to the loss rate of ozone at the wall. The collisional loss (quenching) rate coefficient of ozone in oxygen is also determined.     

Transport properties of sorbing contaminants in a fractured granite under oxidizing conditions

Migration of some sorbing chemical species has been studied in a single rock fracture of 1 m scale in order to understand the transport behavior of contaminants at underground environments. For the tracers, tritium and anions were used as nonsorbing ones and some sorbing cations such as Sr, Co and Cs were used as well. The experimental study was focused on the identification of the retardation and matrix diffusion of the tracer in the fracture. The hydraulic conductivity in the fracture was determined from the pressure differentials between pairs of boreholes. The hydraulic data were used with a variable aperture channel model to characterize the aperture distribution in the fracture. A transport model has been developed to describe the migration of the solutes in the flow field by using a particle tracking method. Results were plotted in the form of elution curves and migration plumes in the fracture. The experimental elution curves have been explored with the transport model which takes into account sorption and diffusion into the rock matrix. This comparison may contribute to further understanding on the heterogeneous flow field and the interactions between rock and chemical species.     

对浮选过程中黄药浓度变化规律的研究

研制了由离子选择性电极（ISE）、XDI智能检测仪等组成的黄药浓度检测系统。时检测系统的性能作了较详细的研究；对浮选过程中黄药浓度进行了在线检测,研制系统检测结果与紫外分光光度法对照取得了较好的一致性,误差小于5％；探讨性研究了选矿过程中黄药浓度的变化规律。     

卷烟焦油测试嵌套析因设计分析

为了研究卷烟焦油测试过程中的各变异源的差异,采用完全嵌套方差分析和嵌套析因设计分析对各变期源进行分析.结果表明:①具有明确原因的变异源中,总粒相物的变异性最大,为42.0％;总粒相物和滤片含水量(W&W)的变异性较大,为30.6％;空白水分变异性为25.3％;烟碱和气相色谱仪引入的变异性仅占2.3％;在进行减小测量变异性改进时应从前3个变异源考虑;②由日期和时间引起的变异性为42.9％,在卷烟焦油比对测试时应参考日期和时间方向上的变异进行设计.     

功能性棉型织物服用性能的模糊综合评判

研究功能性棉型织物综合服用性能优劣的模糊评价方法。对几种不同规格的功能性棉型织物的透气量、悬垂系数、折皱回复角、回潮率、透湿量、芯吸高度等性能进行了相关测试,采用模糊数学综合评判方法对测试数据进行处理分析,通过对权系数和标准化值的计算求算出综合评判值,得到了功能性棉型织物综合服用性能优劣的排序。指出:利用此分析过程对织物整体性能进行评估,既兼顾到织物的综合服用性能,又考虑到各性能权重分配上的差异,分析方法简单、合理、可靠,且评判结果较好。